Teapot spout ladle



Aug. 24, 1948. M. w. GOLDBERG TEAPOT SPOUT LADLE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FiledFeb. 19, 1945 INVENTOR.

M. W. GOLDBERG TEAPOT SPOUT LADLE Aug. '24, 1948.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 19, 1945 Patented Aug. 24, 1948 UNITED OFFICE.

- '1 I Y Y 2,447,747. r

. moor srou'r LADLE Max W; Goldbergz rwest Bend, Wis; assignorvto ModernEquipment Company, I Port Washington, Wis,-acorporation ofr wisconsin 1ApplicationTebruary 19, 1o4a-seria1No.-57s,69s

This invention relates to improvementsin teapot-spout ladles. 1

Teapot spout ladlesas-used in the foundry industry; are commonlyconstructed with a coniplete' metal shell whioh is circular incross-section and this shell is lined with'fire-brick or otherrefractory material? Projecting :from a side of the shell "and extendingsubstantially throughout the height oi the ladle is a teapot *t'ype'oispout. The spout has its own metal shell which is also filled withrefractory material, and in said refractory materialthe pouring duct'is.formed. The duct extends downwardly from the upperend of thespout-andcommunicates with the interior of the ladle by way of anopening near the bottom;

Due to the fact that the refractory material in the spout covers asubstantial portion of the metal shell of theladldproper;this portion ofthe'shell is not exposedto the airyas is the rest of the ladle shell andheat is retained-in this portion of the shell to anexcessive degree andis not properly dissipated. As a result,=tl'iis spout covered portion ofthe metal shell as well as the ring at -thetop-of the shellfrequently'buckle's from the intense heat of the molten metal andbecomes distorted- In additionrdue to the condnction of heat by t espout covered portion of the shell away from therefractory material-ofthe spout an insufli cicnt amount ofheat-passes-into the refractorymaterial of thespout." Thus, if the ladle stands i toolong beforepouring; the metal in the spout may freezeup andnecessitate a relinin ofthe spout and a part of the ladle in order to repair the damage;

It is.'--thereiore, a general object cf-the present invention'to providean improved ladle ofthe typedescribed which is so constructed as toprevent the above mentioned buckling and distortion; and which isconstructed *to allow suificient heat to pass into the spout sothatthemetal in the spout'is kept in a fluid condition.

A more specifieobject isto provide a ladle as above described whereinthat portion of the metal shell of the ladle which :is'covered by thespout is formed with perforations to materially reduce the capacity ofsaid portion of the shell to receive heat and to conduct heat away fromthe spout, The portion of the ladle shell. just referredto ispreferablya separately formed perforated metal plate having its edgesoverlapping the edges of a vertical opening in the ladle shell.

A still further object of the invention is to provide in a ladle havinga separately formed metal plate behind the spout structure, meanspermit- 62 Claims. (Cl. 22-4191 ladle with part broken-away and shown inthereto; and

ting expansionuand*icontraction of said plate without breaking thefire-brick-"lining of the ladlei or'causing buckling of the plate. Thesaid means preferably comprises inflammable spacer strips positionedbetween the vertical edges of the perforated plate and the adjacentportionsaof the fire-brickdiningp These strips, :as soonas the ladleisused; are'quickly burned to charcoal by the intense heatand leave avertical space adjacentto each edge so that there is room for expansion=of: the metalrplate. Thus'undue pressures. are not excited upon theplate or the firebrickiliningz With the above: and other objects inview; the inventionconsists: of the improved teapot spout ladle; and alljof its parts and combinations,- as set forth' in the claims, and allequivalents thereof;

In the. accompanying drawings, illustrating one complete embodiment ofthe preferred form of the invention; in which the same referencenumerals designate the. same parts in all-of the views,

Fig. 1 is a sidel'elevational View of theimproved vertical section;

Fl'g-.-2 'is .a'h'orizontall sectional view taken on the line Z--2 ofFig.4;

Fig.--3 is. a front elevational view with' parts broken away and showninsection to. illustrate the perforated plate and spacer arrangement;

Fig:- 4 isa front view of the metal shell to be usedin formingsthe ladle:proper before the perforated; "plate and spout have been connected Fig.5 'is a 'cplan view of the perforated plate alone; Referring moreparticularly to the/drawingSJ- the shell of the. ladlei proper isdesignated generally by =-the numeral' B and this shell is -formedof-"steel plate, The shell'comprises an upright portion 9 and a bottommember l0 which is suitably secured to the lower edges of the uprightportion; The upright-portion 9 is circular in 'cross-section'buttheedges ll and i2 of the sheet forming said upright shell portionterminate'slshort ofmeeting to leave a space 13 therebetween as"illustrated 'in Fig. 4.. Fitted within the sh'elladjacentto the upperedge of the upright "portion thereof' is a .metal ring. I4. This 'ringis'in'the 'form' of a complete circle and is 3 Figs. 2 and 3). The loweredge l8 of the plate l terminates above the bottom of the ladle as isclear from Fig. 3.

The ladle is lined in the usual way with a plurality of layers offire-brick, or other suitable refractory material designated generallyby the numeral I9. The refractory material also covers the bottom of theladle and fills in the space at the front of the ladle below the loweredge ill of the plate 15. An opening extends throu h the latter portionof the refractory material to communicate with the interior of the ladlejust above the bottom of the lining.

Before the lining is inserted, wooden spacer strips 2| and 22 areinserted adjacent the vertical edges 23 and 24 of the perforated plateis;

These wooden strips are held in place by the lining after the latter isin place,

Surrounding the exterior of the shell portion 9 of the ladle is a metalband 25 having trunnions 26 projecting laterally therefrom.

The spout portion of the ladle is designated generally by the numeral 2!and it includes spaced metal side portions 28 which are welded to theedges II and [2 of the shellportion 9. The spout also includes metalfront plates 29 which are bolted as at 30 to angles 3|. The latterangles are welded to the side portions 28 of the spout at the outeredges thereof.

' The spout is packed with high temperature refractory material 32 suchas fire-clay and the pouring duct 33 is formed in the refractorymaterial. This pouring duct has a flared upper discharge end 33, and hasits lower end communieating with the opening 20 which extends throughthe side-wall of the ladle proper. There may also be vertical holes 34extending through the fire-clay within the spout. These holes form ventsto carry away excess heat. At the bottom of the spout is a curved plate35 which connects with the bottom of the ladle proper.

Heretofore, the upright portions of the shells of teapot spout ladleswere solid and there was no gap such as thegap l3 formed in Fig. 4. Withthis prior type of construction the intense heat in that portion of themetal shell which is covered by the spout, was not exposed to' theatmosphere and there was a-tendency for the heat to stay in the spoutcovered portion of the metal shell rather than pass to the refractorymaterial in the spout. Furthermore, there was a tendency for the heat inthis spout covered portion of the shell to be conducted laterally to airexposed portions of the shell, it being much easier for the heat totravel in this manner than to pass into the refractory material of thespout where heat is desirable in order to prevent a freeze up. With thepresent invention, however, the use of the gap 13, which gap is filledin by a perforated metal plate l5, provides an arrangement wherein thecapacity of the metal plate I5'to retain and conduct away heatismaterially reduced because of the perforations l6. Thus more heat willpass into the refractory material of the spout and be carried off by wayof the vertical vents 34. Furthermore, the perforations I6 in the plateI 5 will minimize the possibility of the plate buckling by lowering thecapacity of this portion to receive heat and by adding flexibility tothe plate. By allowing heat to pass into as may come within the 4 thespout, metal in the spout portion is maintained in a fluid condition.

In addition to the above, and in order to insure against buckling, thenovel spacer strips 2| and 22 are employed. With the use of thesestrips, as soon as the ladle is employed in a foundry, the intense heatfrom the molten metal will burn out the strips leaving vertical spacesfilled with charcoal. This allows for transverse expansion of the metalplate IS without exerting undue pressure on the fire-brick lining tocrack .the latter. This also provides for expansion of the plate withoutdanger of the plate buckling there being'suffi'cient clearance betweenthe bolt l-l and one or both sets of bolt holes to allow for suchexpansion.-

While the use of a separately formed perforated plate l5 is preferred,nevertheless a number of advantages of the present invention can beobtained by merely perforating the usual ladle shell'directly behind'thespout.

Various other changes and modifications may be made without departingfrom the spirit of the invention, and all such changes are contemplatedscope of the claims.

What I claim is:

. 1. In a ladle, a main upright metal shell portion having uprig htedges which terminate short of meeting to form a gap in the shell, ateapot spout connected to said upright edges and projecting laterallyfrom the ladle, and a metal plate spanning said'gap in the shell'andhaving edges overlapping said upright edges of the main upright shellportion and connected thereto, a lining of refractory material in saidladle covering the inner side of said plate, refractory material in thespout positioned against the outer side of said plate, said plate havinga multiplicity of openings therein, and upright spacer strips formed ofmaterial which disintegrates with high heat positioned in the adjacentrefractory material and against the upright edges of said perforatedmetal plate.

2. Ina ladle, a main upright metal shell portion having upright edgeswhich terminate short of meetingto form a gap in the shell, a teapotspout connected to said upright edges and projecting laterally from theladle, and a metal plate spanning said gap in the shell and having edgesoverlapping said upright edges of the main upright shell portion on theinner side thereof and connected thereto, a continuous lining ofrefractory material in said-ladle covering the inner side of said plateand shell, refractory material in the spout positioned against the outerside of said plate, said plate having a multiplicity of openingstherein, and vertical spacer strips formed of material whichdisintegrates with high heat positioned within the ladle lining andagainst the upright edges of said perforate metal plate.

MAX W. GOLDBERG.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number

